| RESEARCH ON TCM THEORY |
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| Year : 2015 | Volume
: 1
| Issue : 2 | Page : 50-55 |
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From osteoblast to osteoclast: New insights of Yin-Yang theory in bone remodeling
Dong-Feng Zhao1, Cheng-Long Wang1, Yong-Jian Zhao1, Zhi-Lie Yang1, Qi Shi1, Xu Feng2, Yan-Ping Yang1, Yong-Jun Wang1
1 Longhua Hospital; Research Institute of Spine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
2 Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America, United States of Americ
Correspondence Address:
Yan-Ping Yang
Room 908, Scientific and Technology Building, Institute of Spine, Shanghai University of TCM, 725 S. Wanping Road, Shanghai 200032
China
Yong-Jun Wang
Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 Wanping South Road, Shanghai 200032
China
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | 2 |
DOI: 10.15806/j.issn.2311-8571.2014.0025
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Yin-Yang theory plays critical role in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) science. However, there are many competing interpretations of Yin- Yang theory in the context with the development in biology, and no consensus has been established. Here we first propose that osteoblast should be regarded as Yin, while osteoclast should be considered as Yang in bone remodeling compartment (BRC). Our conceptions are consistent with the following key findings: 1)osteoblast and osteoclast both derive from the embryonic ectoderm; 2)osteoblast and osteoclast work collaboratively in BRC to maintain bone homeostasis; 3)the activities of osteoblast and osteoclast are coupled to remain dynamic balance; 4)osteoblast and osteoclast exert their function in ceaseless successions. Moreover, we argue that Yin-Yang relationships exist between osteoblast and osteoclast: osteoblast secretes the receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and the monocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) to positively or negatively regulate osteoclast differentiation and function. Meanwile, osteoclast and bone resorption in turn release cytokines, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) from bone matrix, to regulate osteoblast differentiation and function. Next, the unlimited division of Yin-Yang can be applied to divide sublevel of Yin-Yang inside osteoblast or osteoclast. Finally, Yin-Yang relationship of osteoblast and osteoclast is relative. Therefore, we come into the conclusion that the relationships between osteoblast and osteoclast as established in contemporary biology reflect the classic Yin-Yang in bone remodeling. The new Yin-Yang concepts of osteoblast and osteoclast may strengthen basic theory and clinical practice in TCM.
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